环境配置介绍
jdk 1.8, Boot 1.5.3.RELEASE, , Spring Data, JPA
问题描述
Spring Data提供了一套简单易用的DAO层抽象与封装,覆盖的CURD的基本功能,但是在诸多的情况下,需要用户自定义DAO的实现方法,来实现更为复杂和精细的访问操作,该如何来解决这个问题?
目标描述
这里我们以自定义testAA的方法为例,来介绍如何实现自定义的DAO方法扩展。
数据库表的定义
我们这里定义了一个非常简单的mycity表,来作为示例的实体类BaseEntity:
数据库表定义:import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.GenerationType;import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass; import javax.persistence.Temporal; import javax.persistence.TemporalType; import javax.persistence.Version; @MappedSuperclass public abstract class BaseEntity implements java.io.Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -2420979951576787924L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name = "ID") private Long id; @Version private Long version; @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) @Column(name = "CREATE_TIME",columnDefinition="timestamp default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP") private Date createTime; @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) @Column(name = "UPDATE_TIME",columnDefinition="timestamp default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP") private Date updateTime; }
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MyCity的定义如下:
import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Table;import lombok.Data;@Entity @Table(name="mycity") @Data public class City extends BaseEntity { private static final long serialVersionUID = -7510771121759944670L; @Column(name="Name") private String name; @Column(name="country_code") private String countryCode; @Column private String district; @Column private int population; }
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这里的@Data使用了lombok提供的强大标注,来简化冗余Getter/Setter方法的使用。
定义Repository
标准的CityRepository.,这里完全使用缺省提供的方法:
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import com.rose.money.City;@Repositorypublic interface CityRepository extends JpaRepository, CityRepositoryCustom{ }
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这里的CityRepository继承了2个父类,包括用户自定义的接口类,让用户自定义的接口可以暴漏出来。
这里的CityRepsoitoryCustom定义了用户的自定义方法:public interface CityRepositoryCustom { public void testAA(); }
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Notice: 这里的Custom后缀是约定的,不能随意修改。
自定义方法的实现类:import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;public class CityRepositoryImpl implements CityRepositoryCustom { @Autowired @PersistenceContext private EntityManager entityManager; @Override public void testAA() { List
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这里的实现类就是读取了几条记录,然后打印出来。其实现了Custom的接口类。
配置信息
application.properties:
spring.application.name=custom jpaspring.jpa.database=MYSQLspring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.password=123456 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=true spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy spring.jpa.show-sql=true
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测试
用例:
import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import com.rose.money.repository.CityRepository; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class CustomjpaApplicationTests { @Autowired private CityRepository cityRepo; @Test public void contextLoads() { City city = cityRepo.findOne(1l); System.out.println("city=>" + city); cityRepo.testAA(); } }
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测试的结果图示:
总结
约定大于配置,Custom后缀实现与扩展,非常的简单实用。
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